Three types of shots

Shot reverse shot- This type of shot is used regularly during filming of a character such as during conversations between two characters; as one character speaks the camera would be on them and as the next character replies the camera angle will change and be on them. But the filming is smooth so that the cut isn't noticeable. This makes the scene more realistic as the audience views what is happening from different camera angles, getting a better understanding of what is happening. An example of shot reverse shot- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QLkUHZ1qips

Match on action- This type of camera shot is used when filming a clip and cutting from one position to a slightly different angle but fluently so it is hardly noticeable at all. This is usually to film a character that is moving, for example as a character enters a room and then cutting to the character walking into the room but being precise so that you can't see them stopping and it appears they are continuously walking.

180 degree rule- This is the rule that when filming you can never take a shot over 180 degrees so for example all that should be in a shot is in front of the camera and slightly to the sides but not behind.